Aluminum alloy with its density is small, higher than strength, as well as good workability has been widely used in various fields, to achieve energy saving effect of weight loss, the United States, Japan and Western Europe and other developed countries have been strengthening of aluminium alloy forging materials and technology research and development, aluminum alloy forging technology is referred to as a core technology key support and development.
Aluminum alloy triangle arm is a key component of automobile steering system. Its shape is complex and forming is difficult. In this paper, an automatic production line for precision forging of aluminum alloy control arm is introduced in detail from the perspective of technology and equipment.
2. Forging process characteristics of aluminum alloy
1 has low plasticity. The plasticity of aluminum alloy is greatly affected by alloy composition and forging temperature, and the plasticity is sensitive to deformation speed with the content of alloying elements. When the content of alloying elements increases, the plasticity of aluminum alloy decreases continuously, and the sensitivity to deformation speed increases. Most aluminum alloys are positive strain rate sensitive materials, that is, the flow stress decreases with the decrease of deformation rate. Therefore, for large aluminum alloy forgings used in aviation, hydraulic press or hydraulic press is often used to form, and for small and medium-sized forgings, screw press or mechanical press can be used to manufacture.
The film has strong adhesion. Because aluminum and iron can be solidly dissolved, the phenomenon of sticky die often occurs in the forging process of aluminum alloy. It is generally believed that spindle oil can play a better lubrication effect. In recent years, Acheson and other companies in the United States have also developed aluminum alloy lubricants suitable for industrial applications. Domestic companies have their own oil - or water-based lubricants, the use effect is also very good.
Forging temperature range is narrow. The forging temperature range of most aluminum alloys is within 150℃, some even as low as 70℃, therefore, in the forging production, often need to use multiple heating method to ensure that the aluminum alloy has good malleability. Especially for aerospace and military products with strict requirements on product performance, isothermal forging is often used in the final forming process.
(4) Small process deformation. Aluminum alloy forging generally does not allow less process, large deformation, so as not to lead to coarse grain or crack, so it is often necessary to make a reasonable distribution of the total deformation, billet process has a greater impact on the final product forming results. As the workpiece passes through several processes, the temperature is often lower than the required forging temperature, so it needs to be reheated.
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